Choose one of three methods of mass estimation from the menu above.
- Estimated Body Mass:
- Confidence Interval:
- Technique:
Ruff and colleagues describe the measurement as the "superoinferor breadth of the femoral head," (2012:604). - Sources:
This page uses sources from Ruff et al. (1991), Auerbach and Ruff (2004), and Ruff et al. (2012).
- Estimated Body Mass:
- Technique:
Bi-iliac breadth is the maximum mediolateral breadth (Ruff 2007). - Sources:
This page uses sources from Ruff et al. (2005).
- Estimated Body Mass:
- Confidence Interval:
- Technique:
Use "the maximum mediolateral breadth of the distal metaphyseal surface of the femoral diaphysis... [t]aken between the most medially and laterally projecting points on the metaphyseal surface, close to but not necessarily perpendicular to the long axis of the shaft," (Ruff et al., 2007:699) - Sources:
This page uses sources from Ruff (2007) and Robbins Schug et al. (2013).
- Estimated Body Mass:
- Confidence Interval:
- Technique:
The maximum superioinferior femoral head breadth was used "perpendicular to the femoral head-neck axis," (Ruff et al., 2007:699). - Sources:
This page uses sources from Ruff (2007) and Robbins Schug et al. (2013).
- Estimated Body Mass:
- Technique:
Bi-iliac breadth is the maximum mediolateral breadth (Ruff 2007). Long bone lengths are the macimum, including the epiphyses. - Sources:
This page uses sources from Ruff (2007).
- Estimated Body Mass:
- Technique:
Measurements were taken at 45.5% diaphyseal length (Robbins et al., 2010) - Sources:
This page uses sources from Robbins et al. (2010) and Robbins Schug et al. (2013).
- Estimated Body Mass:
- Prediction Interval:
- Technique:
The DPP is "the greatest dorsoplantar diameter with the arms of the calipers oriented parallel to the diaphysis" and the MLD is measured "on the plantar side of the head," (De Groote and Humphrey 2011:626-627) - Sources:
This page uses sources from De Groote and Humphrey (2011).